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River Sand is one of the basic ingredients used in the production of concrete Consequently continuous consumption of sand in construction industry contributes significantly to depletion of natural resources To achieve more sustainable construction materials this paper reports the use of iron ore tailings IOT as replacement for river
·To be more specific oil sands tailings were required to be ready for reclamation five years after deposition with a minimum undrained shear strength of 10 kPa Botha and Soares 2015 although it should be noted that Directive 74 has since been superceded In China the Environmental Protection Tax Law levies 15 RMB/ton for
·The liquefaction of tailings sand caused by seismic loads is a major problem in ensuring the safety of tailings ponds Liquefaction may cause uncontrolled fluidized failure of the dam body
· Materials A good brick earth which is available as a natural resource usually consist of 50 60% of silica 20 30% of alumina 5% of lime and 5 6% of oxide of iron [] However for non fired green bricks which can be made by using industrial wastes materials to be used includes iron ore tailings IOT slag sand fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace
·The safety of tailings ponds is considered to be one of the greatest environmental challenges in the field of energy and mining engineering Impacted by factors such as rainfall infiltration recycling water dry beach face evaporation tailings sands close to the saturation line in tailings ponds are subject to frequent dry wet DW cycles DW cycles
·were all lead zinc tailings or iron or e tailings the variation content of SiO 2 is 69 9 2 in the lead zinc tailings or 75 23 in the iron ore tailings
IJESC 2019 Iron Ore Tailings IOT are the waste slag resulted from iron ore mines Large amount of Iron Ore Tailings IOT have been generating every year posing serious environmental problems large production of cement everyday resulting the emission of CO 2 and increase in the consumption of river sand for construction activities making the river beds over exploited
·Typical underflow solid concentrations have been reported to be 25 55% w/w for oil sand fine tailings Masliyah and Czarnecki 2011 Consortium of Tailings Management Consultants 2012 and 50 70% w/w for other mineral tailings with conventional and high rate thickeners at the lower end and above 65% w/w for high density paste
·Iron tailings sand particles were bound together loosely and easily blown away After 12 rounds of dry wet cycling the mass losses of the iron tailings sand specimens treated with any concentration of the bacterial solution were all 0 at any wind speed This indicated that iron tailings sand after MICP spray treatment had excellent durability
·Tailings management regulations Directives 074 and 085 were put into place as a response to increasing concerns over the risks and uncertainties associated with tailings ponds management and increases in oil sands tailings inventory Alberta Energy Regulator 2009 2017 Since then oil sands operators have attempted to reduce tailings
·Silica sand is the main raw material for glass ceramics refractory materials etc However due to the strict requirements of glass raw materials for ultrafine powders most of the silica sand fine powders less than mm are not recycled which leads about 10 million tons of silica sand tailings discharge in China each year [12] Such a large amount of silica
·Cement is an ingredient used to make concrete which is the final product used in construction In this investigation OPC43 grade Ordinary Portland Cement used for all concrete mixes Iron ore tailings Iron ore tailings replace natural sand at 4 different replacement levels namely 0 15 30 45 and 60%
·OIL SANDS TAILINGS Oil sand is composed of 80 85% mineral 10 15% bitumen and 3 4% water by weight The mineral component of the oil sand contains both sand and fines Sand is defined as having a particle size greater than 44 microns and fines have particle sizes less than 44 microns
·The Unified Oil Sands Tailings Classification System has categorized oil sands tailings deposits into four major groups namely Sand Sandy Fines Transition and Fines zones Tailing deposits in the transition zone are characterized by fines content and sand fines ratio SFR ranging from 25% to 50% and 1 to 3 respectively whereby fines
·The use of tailings sand for CO 2 mineralization and utilization CMU has been emerging globally offering a sustainable solution for repurposing tailings sand while establishing a stable carbon sink Despite several reports that evaluated process performance and project benefits existing research has not delved into the project layout focusing on the tailings pond
·UCS variation as a function of fines contents in tailings solidified by two types of binders adapted from Belem et al 2008 Results in Tables 3 and 4 are plotted in Figure 6 showing that with
·Aiming at the utilization of regional mining wastes including iron tailings sand and coal gangue CG a novel coal gangue filled backfill CGFB is proposed in this paper which is achieved by
·Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Study on the performance of highly doped copper tailings sand for concrete pavements using specific grading techniques" by Sung Ching Chen et al Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu Semantic Scholar s Logo Search 221 988 397 papers from all fields of science
·2 iron tailings sand 、4 75mm 0 mixed aggregate of iron tailings sand 1。 fine content 75µm
· ii iron tailings sand used as fine aggregate particle size ranging from mm to mm is produced by Properties of concrete incorporating IOT The following sections contain the effect of IOT as an ingredient in concrete on workability mechanical properties and durability of concrete
·Sample preparation and saturation The total tailings sand used in the test was obtained from a tailings pond in Fujian Province The density was g/cm 3 moisture content was % Poisson
·As there is a tendency of replacing sand with tailings material in a concrete mixtures used for brickmaking in U rich gold mine areas in South Africa [39 40]
·The Oil sands tailings ponds are settling ponds that contain the waste byproduct of oil sands extraction and upgrading They are a mix of water sand silt clay unrecovered hydrocarbons and other contaminants The management of tailings ponds is one of the most difficult environmental challenges associated with oil sands and their existence is extremely
