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incidents involving suspected liquefaction of iron ore fines This briefing discusses iron ore fines the problems it may present during carriage and the response of the international shipping community What are Iron Ore Fines Iron ore is a natural/raw material that is mined around the world The material is processed to allow its use in the
·Main Hazards Associated with Carriage of Concentrates Cargo Liquefaction Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which solid bulk cargoes are abruptly transformed from a solid dry state to an almost fluid state Many common bulk cargoes such as iron ore fines nickel ore and various mineral concentrates are examples of materials that may liquefy
·BULK CARGO INCLUSIVE OF COAL GRAVEL AND SAND IRON AND NICKEL ORE Bulk cargoes are normally loaded using conveyor belt systems which deposit the cargo within the barge perimeter sidewalls The ultimate height of the cargo and its Centre of Gravity C of G and distance above the With reference to stability hazards during loading
·Iron oxide Fe3O4 1317 61 9 LC50 Fish 1 >= 10000 mg/l 96h Brachydanio rerio; OECD 203 Persistence and Degradability Iron Ore Persistence and Degradability Not established Bioaccumulative Potential Iron Ore Bioaccumulative Potential Not established Mobility in Soil No additional information available Other Adverse
·During testing at different moisture contents the operator visually determines whether the sample is showing plastic deformation by using height and width measurements together with observing the behaviour of the sample while the Flow Fable is being dropped Freightline 2 Australian iron ore freight transport Australian Government
·The global iron ore trade shipping flows have changed in geographical distribution One major reason is the changes in the global economic and geopolitical situation Burgos Cáceres and Ear 2012 The climatic hazard influences the iron ore production and price which caused that the trade volume has appeared a short term fluctuation
·2009 two bulk carriers The Asian Forest and the Black Rose sank while carrying iron ore fines during the monsoon season The Indian Director General of Shipping investigated the sinking and concluded that the reason was liquefaction as a consequence of excessive moisture in the cargo [14]
·During the voyage Having loaded a Code compliant coal the shipment should be monitored for gas variations during the voyage The Code indicates that if there is no declaration of any hazards such as self heating or methane emission then the holds should be ventilated for the first 24 hours
·Millions of tonnes of cargo iron ore fines coal manganese ore fines and nickel ore that are known to be prone to liquefaction have been successfully transported without any incident Despite an improvement in the awareness of carrying such cargoes incidents where cargoes have been known to liquefy unfortunately continue and
·holds Manganese ore for example is rendered worthless by the presence of chrome ore and even small traces of sugar can affect the properties of subsequent cement cargoes b Shipper s and / or Charterer s cargo hold cleanliness requirements / contractual hold cleanliness requirements as specified in the voyage instructions / charter party
·IACS Member Societies and other parties involved in bulk cargo shipping are concerned with the possible damage and loss of bulk carriers carrying heavy cargoes Of particular concern are the potential problems which may
·The liquefaction of nickel ore during shipment can be attributed to two key factors the moisture content of the cargo and the rolling and pitching of the vessel during the voyage These factors one internal and the other external are both necessary conditions for cargo liquefaction to occur However by effectively monitoring and controlling
The IMSBC Code schedules for DRI contain the following description and hazard profiles DRI A A metallic grey material moulded in a briquette form emanating from a densification process whereby the DRI feed material is moulded at a temperature greater than 650 o C and has a density greater than 5 000 kg/m and small particles under mm shall not exceed
·The International Group understands that some cargoes of iron ore fines intended for shipment from the port of Pepel have been stockpiled outdoors uncovered for a prolonged period posing a particular risk of liquefaction during the wet season It is also understood that some cargoes intended for shipment from Pepel have previously been
·Documentation and regulations for battery shipping Several documents are required for shipping batteries internationally These include Dangerous Goods Declaration DGD This document details the shipment including the UN number shipping name hazard class packaging group and quantity Required for all battery types
·The new theoretical and numerical approaches provide a means to predict the stability and evaluate the potential safety hazards during maritime transport of iron ore bulk cargoes View Show abstract
Steel production uses over 98% of the iron ore available on the global market Iron ore is a significant material that is used to extract metallic iron Due to the increasing demand for metals mining and processing must be done continuously producing a lot of liquid and solid waste Massive amounts of tailings containing dangerous elements including Fe Mn Cu Pb Co Cr
·In 2013 approximately billion tonnes of goods was loaded for seaborne transport in ports worldwide UNCTAD 2014 which can be divided into 3 main cargo groups containers liquid bulk cargo or wet trades such as crude oil petroleum products and gas and solid bulk cargo or dry trades such as coal iron ore and grain Each
·Direct Reduced Iron DRI B is a metallic material of a manufacturing process formed by the reduction removal of oxygen of iron oxide at temperatures below the fusion point of iron Cold moulded briquettes should be defined as those which have been moulded at a temperature of under 650oC or which have a density of less than g/cm 3
·or transporting iron ore SGS is ready to independently verify your shipment weight and quality parameters SGS iron ore trade and inspection services include • Umpire and settlement trade analysis • Proficiency testing programs • Marine services • Collateral management agreements • E reporting and E certificates
·General India has the fourth largest iron ore reserves in the world after Russia Brazil and Australia [] As per the survey conducted by the Indian Bureau of Mines IBM in April 2000 India had 9919 million tonnes of recoverable reserves of haematite and 3546 million tonnes of magnetite []As good quality iron ore deposits are depleting very fast beneficiation