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·For every ton of phosphoric acid calculated as 100% phosphorus pentoxide manufactured 4 5 tons of phosphogypsum is generated Yang et al 2016;Moreira et al 2018;Bilal et al 2023 yielding an
·Florida already has more than one billion tons of phosphogypsum stored in 25 stacks These stacks are located on private property and still emit radon from the surface The level of radiation each
·Phosphogypsum PG is a by product of solid waste produced by the phosphate chemical industry Owing to large emissions and massive storage issues it causes a potential threat to our environment
·Phosphogypsum is usually a yellowish white light greyish white or dark grey fine powdery solid The main component of PG is CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O which accounts for more than 90% of its total composition In addition PG contains phosphorus fluorine organic matters and other impurities heavy metal elements and nuclides Rashad 2015 These substances
·Phosphogypsum PG is a massive industrial solid waste generated by the wet process of phosphoric acid preparation which typically produces 5 tons of PG for every 1 ton of phosphoric acid produced
·In this study phosphogypsum PG is simulated by doping fluorine and phosphorus ions in an analytically pure reagent of gypsum dihydrate The influence of fluorine and phosphorus impurity and content on the dehydration reaction process of phosphogypsum and its crystalline micromorphology is assessed during the preparation of α‐type gypsum hemihydrate
·The current growth rate of phosphogypsum is estimated at 200 million tons per year with a mass utilization rate of 10 15% according to the most optimistic forecasts The problem of phosphogypsum utilization and storage is essential for many countries as it has environmental issues pollution of water land and atmosphere
Appl Sci 2021 11 1575 2 of 22 Currently over 55 million tons of phosphogypsum are accumulated in Ukraine Armyansk Sumy Rivne and other cities occupying large areas that may otherwise be
·It is estimated that in China over 500 million tons of phosphogypsum was stored with rapid increasing rate of approximately 70 million tons per year while only less than 15 % of which was
·The main mineral phase of the raw phosphogypsum was characterized by X ray diffraction analysis As shown in Fig 2 b the XRD results confirmed that the mainly composed of phosphogypsum is calcium sulfate CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O The major peaks of CaSO 4 was identified at ° ° ° and ° while some minor peaks was observed at ° °
Valorization of phosphogypsum in cement based materials Limits and potential in eco efficient construction Bianca Calderón Morales Rafael García Tenório in Journal of Building Engineering 2021 Abstract Phosphogypsum PG is a type of synthetic gypsum generated during the production of phosphoric acid Each ton of phosphoric acid generates 5 tons of
The effects of washing method lime neutralization flotation method and microwave method of different pretreatment process of Yunnan phosphorus building gypsum strength and crystal morphology Through a lot of experiments comparing the four kinds of pretreatment effect the results show that after four pretreatment of phosphogypsum are basically meet the
Phosphogypsum is one of the multi ton solid wastes of mineral fertilizer production It is produced by sulphuric acid processing of natural apatites and phosphorites into phosphoric acid superphosphate precipitate and other phosphoric fertilizers At present phosphogypsum wastes are accumulated in the dumps of different countries of the
·Annual global PG production is about 160 million tons of which only 15% of that is used while the remnant is either stockpiled 58% or discarded in water bodies 27% Hasana et al 2022
Five tons of phosphogypsum is discharged per ton of the phosphoric acid produced More than 150 million tons of phosphogypsum is generated every year in the world China is the Phosphogypsum from Yunnan Province in China was ground sieved with 180 mesh and dried at 105 °C for 24 h Table 1 shows chemical composition of the phosphogypsum
·This paper studied effect of different pretreatment process on Yunnan phosphorus building gypsum strength and crystal morphology such as washing method lime neutralization method flotation method and Hans method A lots experiment result indicated that basic properties of phosphorus building gypsum of different pretreatment methods could
·Phosphogypsum in Plasterboard Yue Lei Qingwei Zhu Hongxia Chen Miaomiao Wang Beijing New Building Materials Public Limited Company Beijing
·About to 6 tons of Phosphogypsum is produced from one ton phosphoric acid recovered [20] Containing various impurities including toxic heavy metals dumping Phosphogypsum in open areas
Abundant of research investigations have been conducted to utilized the waste or chemical gypsum phosphogypsum for various applications Most of the research investigations were carried out by purifying phosphogypsum for the impurities present in it and then its utilization were suggested In another research approach phosphogypsum could be utilized without any
Appl Sci 2021 11 1575 2 of 22 Currently over 55 million tons of phosphogypsum are accumulated in Ukraine Armyansk Sumy Rivne and other cities occupying large areas that may otherwise be
Downloadable This study contributes to sustainable construction practices by exploring the use of phosphogypsum a commonly discarded byproduct in the production of recycled aggregates Addressing both environmental and economic aspects of sustainability we investigate the feasibility of employing phosphogypsum as a primary raw material in collaboration with
·Side view of phosphogypsum stack Phosphate production generates huge amounts of phosphogypsum wastes nearly 48 million MTs in 1988 alone Industry estimates that tons of phosphogypsum is produced for every ton of phosphoric acid Phosphogypsum has little market value and is transferred as a slurry to waste piles called phosphogypsum stacks
·Application of phosphogypsum in soilization a review J Qi1 2 · H Zhu1 2 · P Zhou1 2 · X Wang1 2 · Z Wang1 2 · S Yang1 2 · D Yang1 2 · B Li1 2 3 Received 24 April 2022 / Revised 21 November 2022 / Accepted 13 January 2023 / Published online 1 February 2023 Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500
